A novel test can identify breast cancer at its most preliminary stage, utilizing laser technology and artificial intelligence.
This rapid, non-invasive examination seeks minute alterations in the bloodstream that appear during the early stages of breast cancer, specifically referred to as stage 1a, according to the University of Edinburgh researchers responsible for this advancement.
Such changes are not discernible through existing diagnostic methods.
The researchers assert that their innovative approach, detailed in a study published in the Journal of Biophotonics, has the potential to enhance the early identification of the disease and could lead to a screening test applicable for various types of cancer.
“Most cancer-related fatalities occur due to late-stage diagnoses after symptoms manifest,” explained Dr. Andy Downes, who spearheaded the research.
“Timely diagnosis is crucial for long-term survival, and we now possess the necessary technology.
“Our next steps involve adapting this technique to other cancer types and assembling a comprehensive database, paving the way for this to serve as a multi-cancer screening test.”
In the previous year, a study supported by Cancer Research UK discovered that the majority of women diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer can now anticipate becoming “long-term survivors” due to advancements in treatment and healthcare.
At present, breast cancer screenings may involve physical examinations, x-rays, ultrasound imaging, or biopsies, with early detection commonly dependent on the screening of individuals in high-risk categories.
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The innovative test operates by first directing a laser beam into the blood plasma collected from patients.
Subsequent analysis unveils minor alterations in the chemical composition of cells and tissues, which serve as early signals of disease.
AI technology is employed to interpret the findings. In a pilot study utilizing 12 samples from breast cancer patients alongside 12 healthy controls, the method demonstrated a 98% accuracy rate in identifying breast cancer at stage 1a.
This test can also differentiate among the four primary subtypes of breast cancer with an accuracy exceeding 90%, potentially allowing patients to receive more effective and tailored treatment, as stated by the research team.
The laser technique has previously been utilized in screenings for other types of cancer, including colorectal cancer; however, this marks its initial application as a tool for early diagnosis.
